-Intellectual and philosophical movement started in Europe
(France).
-Philosophers challenged the old ideas such as divine rights
of monarchs, union of Church and unequal social classes.
-People believed rationalism (reasoning) could combat
ignorance, superstition and tyranny in the society.
-Philosophers developed new ideas to identify best form of
government.
-American Declaration of Independence of 1776 and French
Revolution of 1789 led to the emergence of democratic forms of government.
Example:
John Locke (English philosopher)- Government should
be a contract between the rulers and the people and the government is for the
good of the people.
Charles Louis Montesquieu (French Philosopher)-
Government should be divide into separate branches in order to limit its power.
Jean-jacques Rousseau (French)- Government should
respect the will of the people (and criticized the power of divine right).
 |
0 Comments