1. Differentiate between medieval and modern historiography in terms of approaches in the historical writings. (4)
|
Medieval Historiography |
Modern Historiography |
|
§
Historical writings are influenced by
religion |
Scientific technique influenced the historical
writing |
|
§
Bible is the only source for their
writings |
Use of various themes in writing |
|
§
Began chronological method of writing |
Use of various sources |
|
§
Accepted the theme of God’s creation
and beliefs in their writing |
Focus on the human effort |
2. Oral history is an important technique in
historiography. Do you agree? Provide reasons to support your answer. (3)
i.
Provides a fuller, more accurate
picture of the past by augmenting the information provided by public
records, statistical data, photographs, maps, letters, diaries, and other
historical materials.
ii.
It allows learners to learn about the perspectives
of individuals who might not otherwise appear in the historical record,
exposure to learn different kinds of information.
iii.
Oral histories serve as sources
for the construction and reconstruction of histories.
3. Evaluate
the significance of the Zhabdrung’s legacy of National Identity for the
Bhutanese. (3)
i. Helped unify the country to form as a
nation-state
ii. Helped to maintain the
sovereignty of the country by introducing a unique identity.
iii. Help create a unique
identity in terms of culture and tradition
4. What is meant by the
Bhutanese proverbial phrase ‘Gyalthrim
Sergyi Nyashing, Choethrim Dargi Duephue’ in context to Zhabdrung’s Kathrim? (3)
Gyalthrim
Sergyi Nyashing is
translated as ‘secular law is like a golden yoke’ meaning the people and the state officials are bound by the strict laws
on their responsibility and conduct.
Choethrim
Dargi Duephue is
translated as religious ‘law is like a silken knot’ which is like gradual
tightening of the silken knot with the accumulation of negative deeds.
5. Druk Desi Zhidar is
blamed for Bhutan’s loss of control in Cooch Behar during the 1772 battle.
How far do you agree with the statement? Justify with suitable points. (3)
Yes, because,
i. Bhutan lost the control over Cooch Behar
ii. Druk Desi Zhidar engaged in the battle without
consulting the central government
iii. Ill-preparedness for the battle and
miscalculation of the British Indian forces.
No, because
i. Bhutanese forces were mismatched against the
advanced British Indian troops
ii. Druk Desi did not receive any support from the
central government during the battle (as he was barred from entering Bhutan
after the battle as per the order from the new Druk Desi).
iii. British India always had a motive to expand their
power over Cooch Behar so the event (battle) was an opportunity to achieve it.
6. The diplomatic
relation between Bhutan-British improved during Trongsa Poenlop Ugyen Wangchuck
in the 20th Century. Justify the statement with suitable
points. (4)
Bhutan-British India relation during Trongsa Poenlop Ugyen Wangchuck can
be understood by the following events:
i.
As a Chief Negotiator, Ugyen Wangchuck negotiated a treaty between Tibetan and
British India called Anglo-Tibetan Treaty or Treaty of Potala
(Lhasa) in 1904.
ii.
Ugyen Wangchuck was conferred the Knight Commander Of Indian Empire (KCIE)
and title (Sir) in 1905, in appreciation of his active negotiation bringing
peace between Tibetans and British Indian.
iii.
Bhutan was able to sign a new treaty with British called Treaty of Punakha in
1910, revising the 1865 Treaty of Sinchula.
iv.
British officials (British Political Officer John Claude White) were invited as
foreign guest during the enthronement of Ugyen Wangchuck as the First
Hereditary Monarchy in 1907.
v.
Ugyen Wangchuck was invited as a guest in India during Coronation Durbar in
Delhi in 1911.
Gongsar Ugyen Wangchuck, adorned with the medal insignia
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